Default PUCCH and SRS beam determination

ABSTRACT

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for a user equipment device (UE) to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS in a CC. The UE may determine a pathloss RS has been configured in the CC, e.g., responsive to the UE determining that spatial relationship information for a default transmission beam has not been configured and determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the (configured) pathloss RS. Additionally, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine that no CORESETs/TCI states for a PDSCH in the CC have been configured and determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, a CC index, a PRACH procedure; a PUSCH transmission; an SRS transmission, and/or a PUCCH transmission.

PRIORITY DATA

This application is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/CN2019/116181, titled “Default PUCCH and SRS Beam Determination”, filed Nov. 7, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein.

FIELD

The present application relates to wireless devices, and more particularly to apparatuses, systems, and methods for a wireless device to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

Wireless communication systems are rapidly growing in usage. In recent years, wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting telephone calls, many mobile devices now provide access to the internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS), and are capable of operating sophisticated applications that utilize these functionalities.

Long Term Evolution (LTE) has become the technology of choice for the majority of wireless network operators worldwide, providing mobile broadband data and high-speed Internet access to their subscriber base. LTE defines a number of downlink (DL) physical channels, categorized as transport or control channels, to carry information blocks received from medium access control (MAC) and higher layers. LTE also defines a number of physical layer channels for the uplink (UL).

For example, LTE defines a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) as a DL transport channel. The PDSCH is the main data-bearing channel allocated to users on a dynamic and opportunistic basis. The PDSCH carries data in Transport Blocks (TB) corresponding to a MAC protocol data unit (PDU), passed from the MAC layer to the physical (PHY) layer once per Transmission Time Interval (TTI). The PDSCH is also used to transmit broadcast information such as System Information Blocks (SIB) and paging messages.

As another example, LTE defines a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) as a DL control channel that carries the resource assignment for UEs that are contained in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) message. Multiple PDCCHs can be transmitted in the same subframe using Control Channel Elements (CCE), each of which is a nine set of four resource elements known as Resource Element Groups (REG). The PDCCH employs quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation, with four QPSK symbols mapped to each REG. Furthermore, 1, 2, 4, or 8 CCEs can be used for a UE, depending on channel conditions, to ensure sufficient robustness.

Additionally, LTE defines a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) as a UL channel shared by all devices (user equipment, UE) in a radio cell to transmit user data to the network. The scheduling for all UEs is under control of the LTE base station (enhanced Node B, or eNB). The eNB uses the uplink scheduling grant (DCI format 0) to inform the UE about resource block (RB) assignment, and the modulation and coding scheme to be used. PUSCH typically supports QPSK and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). In addition to user data, the PUSCH also carries any control information necessary to decode the information, such as transport format indicators and multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) parameters. Control data is multiplexed with information data prior to digital Fourier transform (DFT) spreading.

A proposed next telecommunications standard moving beyond the current International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT-Advanced) Standards is called 5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, or 5G for short (otherwise known as 5G-NR for 5G New Radio, also simply referred to as NR). 5G-NR proposes a higher capacity for a higher density of mobile broadband users, also supporting device-to-device, ultra-reliable, and massive machine communications, as well as lower latency and lower battery consumption, than current LTE standards. Further, the 5G-NR standard may allow for less restrictive UE scheduling as compared to current LTE standards. Consequently, efforts are being made in ongoing developments of 5G-NR to take advantage of higher throughputs possible at higher frequencies.

SUMMARY

Embodiments relate to apparatuses, systems, and methods for a UE to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC.

In some embodiments, a wireless device, e.g., such as a user equipment device (UE), may be configured to determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in a component carrier (CC). In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to the UE determining that spatial relationship information for a default transmission beam has not been configured by a base station. The UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the (configured) pathloss RS. In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC. In some embodiments, the default beam for transmissions may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a first, last, or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list. In some embodiments, the pathloss RS list may be configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.

In some embodiments, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured by the base station. In some embodiments, responsive to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, a CC index, a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and/or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.

The techniques described herein may be implemented in and/or used with a number of different types of devices, including but not limited to cellular phones, tablet computers, wearable computing devices, portable media players, and any of various other computing devices.

This Summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subject matter described in this document. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A better understanding of the present subject matter can be obtained when the following detailed description of various embodiments is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1A illustrates an example wireless communication system according to some embodiments.

FIG. 1B illustrates an example of a base station (BS) and an access point in communication with a user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a WLAN Access Point (AP), according to some embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example block diagram of a BS according to some embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 6A illustrates an example of connections between an EPC network, an LTE base station (eNB), and a 5G NR base station (gNB).

FIG. 6B illustrates an example of a protocol stack for an eNB and a gNB.

FIG. 7A illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both 3GPP (e.g., cellular) and non-3GPP (e.g., non-cellular) access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 7B illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both dual 3GPP (e.g., LTE and 5G NR) access and non-3GPP access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC in various implementations.

FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 illustrate examples of determining a default transmission beam based on a component carrier index, according to embodiments.

FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a method for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of another example of a method for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments.

While the features described herein may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to be limiting to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Terms

The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure:

-   -   Memory Medium—Any of various types of non-transitory memory         devices or storage devices. The term “memory medium” is intended         to include an installation medium, e.g., a CD-ROM, floppy disks,         or tape device; a computer system memory or random access memory         such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; a         non-volatile memory such as a Flash, magnetic media, e.g., a         hard drive, or optical storage; registers, or other similar         types of memory elements, etc. The memory medium may include         other types of non-transitory memory as well or combinations         thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in a         first computer system in which the programs are executed, or may         be located in a second different computer system which connects         to the first computer system over a network, such as the         Internet. In the latter instance, the second computer system may         provide program instructions to the first computer for         execution. The term “memory medium” may include two or more         memory mediums which may reside in different locations, e.g., in         different computer systems that are connected over a network.         The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied         as computer programs) that may be executed by one or more         processors.     -   Carrier Medium—a memory medium as described above, as well as a         physical transmission medium, such as a bus, network, and/or         other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as         electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.     -   Programmable Hardware Element—includes various hardware devices         comprising multiple programmable function blocks connected via a         programmable interconnect. Examples include FPGAs (Field         Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices),         FPOAs (Field Programmable Object Arrays), and CPLDs (Complex         PLDs). The programmable function blocks may range from fine         grained (combinatorial logic or look up tables) to coarse         grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores). A         programmable hardware element may also be referred to as         “reconfigurable logic”.     -   Computer System—any of various types of computing or processing         systems, including a personal computer system (PC), mainframe         computer system, workstation, network appliance, Internet         appliance, personal digital assistant (PDA), television system,         grid computing system, or other device or combinations of         devices. In general, the term “computer system” can be broadly         defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices)         having at least one processor that executes instructions from a         memory medium.     -   User Equipment (UE) (or “UE Device”)—any of various types of         computer systems devices which are mobile or portable and which         performs wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include         mobile telephones or smart phones (e.g., iPhone™, Android™-based         phones), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS™, Play         Station Portable™, Gameboy Advance™, iPhone™), laptops, wearable         devices (e.g. smart watch, smart glasses), PDAs, portable         Internet devices, music players, data storage devices, or other         handheld devices, etc. In general, the term “UE” or “UE device”         can be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing,         and/or telecommunications device (or combination of devices)         which is easily transported by a user and capable of wireless         communication.     -   Base Station—The term “Base Station” has the full breadth of its         ordinary meaning, and at least includes a wireless communication         station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as         part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.     -   Processing Element—refers to various elements or combinations of         elements that are capable of performing a function in a device,         such as a user equipment or a cellular network device.         Processing elements may include, for example: processors and         associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor         cores, entire processor cores, processor arrays, circuits such         as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit),         programmable hardware elements such as a field programmable gate         array (FPGA), as well any of various combinations of the above.     -   Channel—a medium used to convey information from a sender         (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since         characteristics of the term “channel” may differ according to         different wireless protocols, the term “channel” as used herein         may be considered as being used in a manner that is consistent         with the standard of the type of device with reference to which         the term is used. In some standards, channel widths may be         variable (e.g., depending on device capability, band conditions,         etc.). For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths         from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. In contrast, WLAN channels may be 22 MHz         wide while Bluetooth channels may be 1 Mhz wide. Other protocols         and standards may include different definitions of channels.         Furthermore, some standards may define and use multiple types of         channels, e.g., different channels for uplink or downlink and/or         different channels for different uses such as data, control         information, etc.     -   Band—The term “band” has the full breadth of its ordinary         meaning, and at least includes a section of spectrum (e.g.,         radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set         aside for the same purpose.     -   Automatically—refers to an action or operation performed by a         computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system)         or device (e.g., circuitry, programmable hardware elements,         ASICs, etc.), without user input directly specifying or         performing the action or operation. Thus the term         “automatically” is in contrast to an operation being manually         performed or specified by the user, where the user provides         input to directly perform the operation. An automatic procedure         may be initiated by input provided by the user, but the         subsequent actions that are performed “automatically” are not         specified by the user, i.e., are not performed “manually”, where         the user specifies each action to perform. For example, a user         filling out an electronic form by selecting each field and         providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing         information, selecting check boxes, radio selections, etc.) is         filling out the form manually, even though the computer system         must update the form in response to the user actions. The form         may be automatically filled out by the computer system where the         computer system (e.g., software executing on the computer         system) analyzes the fields of the form and fills in the form         without any user input specifying the answers to the fields. As         indicated above, the user may invoke the automatic filling of         the form, but is not involved in the actual filling of the form         (e.g., the user is not manually specifying answers to fields but         rather they are being automatically completed). The present         specification provides various examples of operations being         automatically performed in response to actions the user has         taken.     -   Approximately—refers to a value that is almost correct or exact.         For example, approximately may refer to a value that is within 1         to 10 percent of the exact (or desired) value. It should be         noted, however, that the actual threshold value (or tolerance)         may be application dependent. For example, in some embodiments,         “approximately” may mean within 0.1% of some specified or         desired value, while in various other embodiments, the threshold         may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 5%, and so forth, as desired or as         required by the particular application.     -   Concurrent—refers to parallel execution or performance, where         tasks, processes, or programs are performed in an at least         partially overlapping manner. For example, concurrency may be         implemented using “strong” or strict parallelism, where tasks         are performed (at least partially) in parallel on respective         computational elements, or using “weak parallelism”, where the         tasks are performed in an interleaved manner, e.g., by time         multiplexing of execution threads.

Various components may be described as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad recitation generally meaning “having structure that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently performing that task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad recitation of structure generally meaning “having circuitry that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently on. In general, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits.

Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to.” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) interpretation for that component.

FIGS. 1A and 1B—Communication Systems

FIG. 1A illustrates a simplified example wireless communication system, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the system of FIG. 1 is merely one example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.

As shown, the example wireless communication system includes a base station 102A which communicates over a transmission medium with one or more user devices 106A, 106B, etc., through 106N. Each of the user devices may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE). Thus, the user devices 106 are referred to as UEs or UE devices.

The base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (a “cellular base station”) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the UEs 106A through 106N.

The communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell.” The base station 102A and the UEs 106 may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs), also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), 5G new radio (5G NR), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1×RTT, 1×EV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’.

As shown, the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with a network 100 (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and/or the Internet, among various possibilities). Thus, the base station 102A may facilitate communication between the user devices and/or between the user devices and the network 100. In particular, the cellular base station 102A may provide UEs 106 with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and/or data services.

Base station 102A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B . . . 102N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs 106A-N and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.

Thus, while base station 102A may act as a “serving cell” for UEs 106A-N as illustrated in FIG. 1 , each UE 106 may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which might be provided by base stations 102B-N and/or any other base stations), which may be referred to as “neighboring cells”. Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user devices and/or between user devices and the network 100. Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and/or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size. For example, base stations 102A-B illustrated in FIG. 1 might be macro cells, while base station 102N might be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.

In some embodiments, base station 102A may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In some embodiments, a gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, a gNB cell may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

Note that a UE 106 may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using a wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and/or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.) in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1×RTT, 1×EV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc.). The UE 106 may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS, e.g., GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M/H or DVB-H), and/or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

FIG. 1B illustrates user equipment 106 (e.g., one of the devices 106A through 106N) in communication with a base station 102 and an access point 112, according to some embodiments. The UE 106 may be a device with both cellular communication capability and non-cellular communication capability (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and so forth) such as a mobile phone, a hand-held device, a computer or a tablet, or virtually any type of wireless device.

The UE 106 may include a processor that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. The UE 106 may perform any of the method embodiments described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively, or in addition, the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) that is configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein, or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein.

The UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1×RTT/1×EV-DO/HRPD/eHRPD), LTE/LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using a single shared radio and/or GSM, LTE, LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using the single shared radio. The shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. In general, a radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing). Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, the UE 106 may share one or more parts of a receive and/or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above.

In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include separate transmit and/or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As a further possibility, the UE 106 may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE 106 might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or LTE or 1×RTTor LTE or GSM), and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.

FIG. 2 —Access Point Block Diagram

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of an access point (AP) 112. It is noted that the block diagram of the AP of FIG. 2 is only one example of a possible system. As shown, the AP 112 may include processor(s) 204 which may execute program instructions for the AP 112. The processor(s) 204 may also be coupled (directly or indirectly) to memory management unit (MMU) 240, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 204 and to translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 260 and read only memory (ROM) 250) or to other circuits or devices.

The AP 112 may include at least one network port 270. The network port 270 may be configured to couple to a wired network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UEs 106, access to the Internet. For example, the network port 270 (or an additional network port) may be configured to couple to a local network, such as a home network or an enterprise network. For example, port 270 may be an Ethernet port. The local network may provide connectivity to additional networks, such as the Internet.

The AP 112 may include at least one antenna 234, which may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE 106 via wireless communication circuitry 230. The antenna 234 communicates with the wireless communication circuitry 230 via communication chain 232. Communication chain 232 may include one or more receive chains, one or more transmit chains or both. The wireless communication circuitry 230 may be configured to communicate via Wi-Fi or WLAN, e.g., 802.11. The wireless communication circuitry 230 may also, or alternatively, be configured to communicate via various other wireless communication technologies, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, Long-Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), Global System for Mobile (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), CDMA2000, etc., for example when the AP is co-located with a base station in case of a small cell, or in other instances when it may be desirable for the AP 112 to communicate via various different wireless communication technologies.

In some embodiments, as further described below, an AP 112 may be configured to perform methods to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC as further described herein.

FIG. 3 —Block Diagram of a UE

FIG. 3 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device 106, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of FIG. 3 is only one example of a possible communication device. According to embodiments, communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices. As shown, the communication device 106 may include a set of components 300 configured to perform core functions. For example, this set of components may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC), which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, this set of components 300 may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes. The set of components 300 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the communication device 106.

For example, the communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash 310), an input/output interface such as connector I/F 320 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; etc.), the display 360, which may be integrated with or external to the communication device 106, and cellular communication circuitry 330 such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 (e.g., Bluetooth™ and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as a network interface card, e.g., for Ethernet.

The cellular communication circuitry 330 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 and 336 as shown. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may also couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 337 and 338 as shown. Alternatively, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 335 and 336 in addition to, or instead of, coupling (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 337 and 338. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 and/or cellular communication circuitry 330 may include multiple receive chains and/or multiple transmit chains for receiving and/or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration.

In some embodiments, as further described below, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). In addition, in some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT, e.g., LTE, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with an additional radio, e.g., a second radio that may be dedicated to a second RAT, e.g., 5G NR, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain.

The communication device 106 may also include and/or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. The user interface elements may include any of various elements, such as display 360 (which may be a touchscreen display), a keyboard (which may be a discrete keyboard or may be implemented as part of a touchscreen display), a mouse, a microphone and/or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and/or any of various other elements capable of providing information to a user and/or receiving or interpreting user input.

The communication device 106 may further include one or more smart cards 345 that include SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC(s) (Universal Integrated Circuit Card(s)) cards 345.

As shown, the SOC 300 may include processor(s) 302, which may execute program instructions for the communication device 106 and display circuitry 304, which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display 360. The processor(s) 302 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 302 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310) and/or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry 304, short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329, cellular communication circuitry 330, connector I/F 320, and/or display 360. The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as a portion of the processor(s) 302.

As noted above, the communication device 106 may be configured to communicate using wireless and/or wired communication circuitry. The communication device 106 may be configured to perform methods to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC as further described herein.

As described herein, the communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for a communication device 106 to communicate a scheduling profile for power savings to a network. The processor 302 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 302 of the communication device 106, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 300, 304, 306, 310, 320, 329, 330, 340, 345, 350, 360 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

In addition, as described herein, processor 302 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 302 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor 302. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 302.

Further, as described herein, cellular communication circuitry 330 and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may each include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in cellular communication circuitry 330 and, similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329. Thus, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 330. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 330. Similarly, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may include one or more ICs that are configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329.

FIG. 4 —Block Diagram of a Base Station

FIG. 4 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station 102, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the base station of FIG. 4 is merely one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station 102 may include processor(s) 404 which may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor(s) 404 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 440, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 404 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read only memory (ROM) 450) or to other circuits or devices.

The base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. The network port 470 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106, access to the telephone network as described above in FIGS. 1 and 2 .

The network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility related services and/or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106. In some cases, the network port 470 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and/or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UE devices serviced by the cellular service provider).

In some embodiments, base station 102 may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In such embodiments, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434, and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 434 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices 106 via radio 430. The antenna 434 communicates with the radio 430 via communication chain 432. Communication chain 432 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both. The radio 430 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, etc.

The base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some instances, the base station 102 may include multiple radios, which may enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station 102 may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR. In such a case, the base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another possibility, the base station 102 may include a multi-mode radio which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

As described further subsequently herein, the BS 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein. The processor 404 of the base station 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 404 of the BS 102, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 430, 432, 434, 440, 450, 460, 470 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

In addition, as described herein, processor(s) 404 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor(s) 404. Thus, processor(s) 404 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 404. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 404.

Further, as described herein, radio 430 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in radio 430. Thus, radio 430 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio 430. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of radio 430.

FIG. 5 : Block Diagram of Cellular Communication Circuitry

FIG. 5 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of FIG. 5 is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit. According to embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may be included in a communication device, such as communication device 106 described above. As noted above, communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices.

The cellular communication circuitry 330 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 a-b and 336 as shown (in FIG. 3 ). In some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , cellular communication circuitry 330 may include a modem 510 and a modem 520. Modem 510 may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and modem 520 may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR.

As shown, modem 510 may include one or more processors 512 and a memory 516 in communication with processors 512. Modem 510 may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end 530. RF front end 530 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 530 may include receive circuitry (RX) 532 and transmit circuitry (TX) 534. In some embodiments, receive circuitry 532 may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end 550, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335 a.

Similarly, modem 520 may include one or more processors 522 and a memory 526 in communication with processors 522. Modem 520 may be in communication with an RF front end 540. RF front end 540 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 540 may include receive circuitry 542 and transmit circuitry 544. In some embodiments, receive circuitry 542 may be in communication with DL front end 560, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335 b.

In some embodiments, a switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 534 to uplink (UL) front end 572. In addition, switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 544 to UL front end 572. UL front end 572 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 336. Thus, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives instructions to transmit according to the first RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 510), switch 570 may be switched to a first state that allows modem 510 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 534 and UL front end 572). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives instructions to transmit according to the second RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 520), switch 570 may be switched to a second state that allows modem 520 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 544 and UL front end 572).

In some embodiments, the cellular communication circuitry 330 may be configured to perform methods to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC as further described herein.

As described herein, the modem 510 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features or for time division multiplexing UL data for NSA NR operations, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors 512 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 512 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 512, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 530, 532, 534, 550, 570, 572, 335 and 336 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

In addition, as described herein, processors 512 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 512 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 512. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors 512.

As described herein, the modem 520 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for communicating a scheduling profile for power savings to a network, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors 522 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 522 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 522, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 540, 542, 544, 550, 570, 572, 335 and 336 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

In addition, as described herein, processors 522 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 522 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 522. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors 522.

5G NR Architecture with LTE

In some implementations, fifth generation (5G) wireless communication will initially be deployed concurrently with current wireless communication standards (e.g., LTE). For example, dual connectivity between LTE and 5G new radio (5G NR or NR) has been specified as part of the initial deployment of NR. Thus, as illustrated in FIGS. 6A-B, evolved packet core (EPC) network 600 may continue to communicate with current LTE base stations (e.g., eNB 602). In addition, eNB 602 may be in communication with a 5G NR base station (e.g., gNB 604) and may pass data between the EPC network 600 and gNB 604. Thus, EPC network 600 may be used (or reused) and gNB 604 may serve as extra capacity for UEs, e.g., for providing increased downlink throughput to UEs. In other words, LTE may be used for control plane signaling and NR may be used for user plane signaling. Thus, LTE may be used to establish connections to the network and NR may be used for data services.

FIG. 6B illustrates a proposed protocol stack for eNB 602 and gNB 604. As shown, eNB 602 may include a medium access control (MAC) layer 632 that interfaces with radio link control (RLC) layers 622 a-b. RLC layer 622 a may also interface with packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer 612 a and RLC layer 622 b may interface with PDCP layer 612 b. Similar to dual connectivity as specified in LTE-Advanced Release 12, PDCP layer 612 a may interface via a master cell group (MCG) bearer with EPC network 600 whereas PDCP layer 612 b may interface via a split bearer with EPC network 600.

Additionally, as shown, gNB 604 may include a MAC layer 634 that interfaces with RLC layers 624 a-b. RLC layer 624 a may interface with PDCP layer 612 b of eNB 602 via an X₂ interface for information exchange and/or coordination (e.g., scheduling of a UE) between eNB 602 and gNB 604. In addition, RLC layer 624 b may interface with PDCP layer 614. Similar to dual connectivity as specified in LTE-Advanced Release 12, PDCP layer 614 may interface with EPC network 600 via a secondary cell group (SCG) bearer. Thus, eNB 602 may be considered a master node (MeNB) while gNB 604 may be considered a secondary node (SgNB). In some scenarios, a UE may be required to maintain a connection to both an MeNB and a SgNB. In such scenarios, the MeNB may be used to maintain a radio resource control (RRC) connection to an EPC while the SgNB may be used for capacity (e.g., additional downlink and/or uplink throughput).

5G Core Network Architecture—Interworking with Wi-Fi

In some embodiments, the 5G core network (CN) may be accessed via (or through) a cellular connection/interface (e.g., via a 3GPP communication architecture/protocol) and a non-cellular connection/interface (e.g., a non-3GPP access architecture/protocol such as Wi-Fi connection). FIG. 7A illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both 3GPP (e.g., cellular) and non-3GPP (e.g., non-cellular) access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. As shown, a user equipment device (e.g., such as UE 106) may access the 5G CN through both a radio access network (RAN, e.g., such as gNB or base station 604) and an access point, such as AP 112. The AP 112 may include a connection to the Internet 700 as well as a connection to a non-3GPP inter-working function (N3IWF) 702 network entity. The N3IWF may include a connection to a core access and mobility management function (AMF) 704 of the 5G CN. The AMF 704 may include an instance of a 5G mobility management (5G MM) function associated with the UE 106. In addition, the RAN (e.g., gNB 604) may also have a connection to the AMF 704. Thus, the 5G CN may support unified authentication over both connections as well as allow simultaneous registration for UE 106 access via both gNB 604 and AP 112. As shown, the AMF 704 may include one or more functional entities associated with the 5G CN (e.g., network slice selection function (NSSF) 720, short message service function (SMSF) 722, application function (AF) 724, unified data management (UDM) 726, policy control function (PCF) 728, and/or authentication server function (AUSF) 730). Note that these functional entities may also be supported by a session management function (SMF) 706 a and an SMF 706 b of the 5G CN. The AMF 706 may be connected to (or in communication with) the SMF 706 a. Further, the gNB 604 may in communication with (or connected to) a user plane function (UPF) 708 a that may also be communication with the SMF 706 a. Similarly, the N3IWF 702 may be communicating with a UPF 708 b that may also be communicating with the SMF 706 b. Both UPFs may be communicating with the data network (e.g., DN 710 a and 710 b) and/or the Internet 700 and IMS core network 710.

FIG. 7B illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both dual 3GPP (e.g., LTE and 5G NR) access and non-3GPP access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. As shown, a user equipment device (e.g., such as UE 106) may access the 5G CN through both a radio access network (RAN, e.g., such as gNB or base station 604 or eNB or base station 602) and an access point, such as AP 112. The AP 112 may include a connection to the Internet 700 as well as a connection to the N3IWF 702 network entity. The N3IWF may include a connection to the AMF 704 of the 5G CN. The AMF 704 may include an instance of the 5G MM function associated with the UE 106. In addition, the RAN (e.g., gNB 604) may also have a connection to the AMF 704. Thus, the 5G CN may support unified authentication over both connections as well as allow simultaneous registration for UE 106 access via both gNB 604 and AP 112. In addition, the 5G CN may support dual-registration of the UE on both a legacy network (e.g., LTE via base station 602) and a 5G network (e.g., via base station 604). As shown, the base station 602 may have connections to a mobility management entity (MME) 742 and a serving gateway (SGW) 744. The MME 742 may have connections to both the SGW 744 and the AMF 704. In addition, the SGW 744 may have connections to both the SMF 706 a and the UPF 708 a. As shown, the AMF 704 may include one or more functional entities associated with the 5G CN (e.g., NSSF 720, SMSF 722, AF 724, UDM 726, PCF 728, and/or AUSF 730). Note that UDM 726 may also include a home subscriber server (HSS) function and the PCF may also include a policy and charging rules function (PCRF). Note further that these functional entities may also be supported by the SMF 706 a and the SMF 706 b of the 5G CN. The AMF 706 may be connected to (or in communication with) the SMF 706 a. Further, the gNB 604 may in communication with (or connected to) the UPF 708 a that may also be communication with the SMF 706 a. Similarly, the N3IWF 702 may be communicating with a UPF 708 b that may also be communicating with the SMF 706 b. Both UPFs may be communicating with the data network (e.g., DN 710 a and 710 b) and/or the Internet 700 and IMS core network 710.

Note that in various embodiments, one or more of the above described network entities may be configured to perform methods to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC, e.g., as further described herein.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE (e.g., such as UE 106), according to some embodiments. The baseband processor architecture 800 described in FIG. 8 may be implemented on one or more radios (e.g., radios 329 and/or 330 described above) or modems (e.g., modems 510 and/or 520) as described above. As shown, the non-access stratum (NAS) 810 may include a 5G NAS 820 and a legacy NAS 850. The legacy NAS 850 may include a communication connection with a legacy access stratum (AS) 870. The 5G NAS 820 may include communication connections with both a 5G AS 840 and a non-3GPP AS 830 and Wi-Fi AS 832. The 5G NAS 820 may include functional entities associated with both access stratums. Thus, the 5G NAS 820 may include multiple 5G MM entities 826 and 828 and 5G session management (SM) entities 822 and 824. The legacy NAS 850 may include functional entities such as short message service (SMS) entity 852, evolved packet system (EPS) session management (ESM) entity 854, session management (SM) entity 856, EPS mobility management (EMM) entity 858, and mobility management (MM)/GPRS mobility management (GMM) entity 860. In addition, the legacy AS 870 may include functional entities such as LTE AS 872, UMTS AS 874, and/or GSM/GPRS AS 876.

Thus, the baseband processor architecture 800 allows for a common 5G-NAS for both 5G cellular and non-cellular (e.g., non-3GPP access). Note that as shown, the 5G MM may maintain individual connection management and registration management state machines for each connection. Additionally, a device (e.g., UE 106) may register to a single PLMN (e.g., 5G CN) using 5G cellular access as well as non-cellular access. Further, it may be possible for the device to be in a connected state in one access and an idle state in another access and vice versa. Finally, there may be common 5G-MM procedures (e.g., registration, de-registration, identification, authentication, as so forth) for both accesses.

Note that in various embodiments, one or more of the above described functional entities of the 5G NAS and/or 5G AS may be configured to perform methods to determine a default beam for a dedicated PUCCH and/or an SRS in a CC, e.g., as further described herein.

Default Beam for Dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS

In current implementations, a mobile station may determine a default beam for dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmissions and/or sounding reference signal (SRS) transmissions in a component carrier (CC) when at least spatial relation information is configured, e.g. with a base station. Further, in current implementations, the mobile station can determine the default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS when a pathloss reference signal is not configured but a control resource set (CORESET) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is configured in the CC. For example, FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram for a wireless device to determine the default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC in various implementations. As shown, at 902, the wireless device can determine whether spatial relationship information is (or has been) configured. At 904, if spatial relationship information is (or has been) configured, the wireless device can determine the default transmission beam based on the indicated spatial relationship information. However, at 906, if spatial relationship information is not (or has not been) configured, the wireless device can determine whether a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured. Further, at 908, if a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, the wireless device can determine whether a CORESET/TCI state for a PDSCH has been configured in the CC. At 910, if the CORESET/TCI state for the PDSCH is (or has been) configured in the CC, the wireless device can determine the default transmission beam based on a default PDSCH beam. However, the wireless device may be unable to determine a default beam when either a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured or when a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured and a CORESET/TCI state for a PDSCH is not (or has not been) configured in the CC as such cases remain undefined in current implementations.

Embodiments described herein provide systems, methods, and mechanisms for a user equipment device (UE), such as UE 106, to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS transmissions in a CC in various scenarios. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a first, last, and/or indicated pathloss reference signal (RS) in a pathloss RS list configured by (or via) radio resource control (RRC) signaling with a serving base station, such as gNB 604 and/or base station 102. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss RS is (or has been) configured based on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a first, last, and/or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list configured by (or via) RRC signaling with a serving base station. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss RS is (or has been) configured based on a synchronization signal block (SSB) and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a first, last, and/or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list configured by (or via) RRC signaling with a serving base station. In some embodiments, the serving base station may configure up to four pathloss RSs.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a default spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS when a pathloss RS is not (or has not been) configured and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured. In other words, the UE may further consider whether a CORESET/TCI state for a PDSCH in the CC has been configured, e.g., as further described herein. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured based on an SSB and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a default spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS when a pathloss RS is not (or has not been) configured and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is (or has been) configured based on a CSI-RS and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS that may be based, at least in part, on a default spatial relationship for a dedicated PUCCH/SRS when a pathloss RS is not (or has not been) configured and a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a default PDSCH beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC. In some embodiments, a CC index may be configured via higher layer signaling between the UE and the base station, e.g., such as RRC signaling or a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE). In some embodiments, a CC index may be selected from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, and/or within a same cell group as the CC. In some embodiments, a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI states configured with lowest and/or highest identifier (ID) may be selected. In some embodiments, a band group may be reported by a UE capability, e.g., via RRC signaling and/or a MAC CE. In some embodiments, a CC index may be selected from CCs in a CC group configured by RRC signaling. In some embodiments, a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI states configured with a lowest and/or highest ID may be selected.

For example, FIGS. 10 to 12 illustrate determining a default transmission beam based on a component carrier index, according to embodiments. As shown in FIG. 10 , a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604, may configure multiple component carriers (CC1 to CC4, for example) for a UE, such as UE 106. Thus, for CC1, the UE may be configured to not monitor any CORESETs or active TCI states. Additionally, the UE may be configured to monitor a CORESET with an ID of 1 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 1. Similarly, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC2, a CORESET with an ID of 2 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 2. Further, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC3, a CORESET with an ID of 3 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 3, and, for CC4, a CORESET with an ID of 4 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 4. In addition to configuring the UE for each CC, the base station may provide an indication of CC index (e.g., via higher layer signaling, such as RRC signaling and/or via a MAC CE) to the UE for determination of a default beam. Thus, at 1002, the UE may use the provided CC index to determine to use the CC3 configuration to determine a default transmission beam.

As shown in FIG. 11 , a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604, may configure multiple component carriers (CC1 to CC4, for example) for a UE, such as UE 106. Thus, for CC1, the UE may be configured to not monitor any CORESETs or active TCI states. Additionally, the UE may be configured to monitor a CORESET with an ID of 1 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 1. Similarly, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC2, a CORESET with an ID of 2 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 2. Further, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC3, a CORESET with an ID of 3 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 3, and, for CC4, a CORESET with an ID of 4 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 4. In addition, the UE may determine a default beam for transmission, e.g., at 1102, based on values of CC indexes. As shown, the UE may select a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI state with a lowest ID, e.g., CC 2.

As shown in FIG. 12 , a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604, may configure multiple component carriers (CC1 to CC4, for example) for a UE, such as UE 106. Thus, for CC1, the UE may be configured to not monitor any CORESETs or active TCI states. Additionally, the UE may be configured to monitor a CORESET with an ID of 1 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 1. Similarly, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC2, a CORESET with an ID of 2 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 2. Further, the UE may be configured to monitor, for CC3, a CORESET with an ID of 3 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 3, and, for CC4, a CORESET with an ID of 4 and a TCI state corresponding to a value of 4. In addition, the UE may determine a default beam for transmission, e.g., at 1202, based on values of CC indexes. As shown, the UE may select a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI state with a highest ID, e.g., CC 4.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a scheduling PDCCH for an aperiodic PUCCH/SRS. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent random access channel (RACH) procedure in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, the same band group as the CC, in the same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, the default beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent transmission of PUSCH, PUCCH, and/or SRS in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, same band group as the CC, the same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, the CC list group may be configured via higher layer signaling, e.g., such as RRC signaling and/or a MAC CE.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS may be based, at least in part, on a downlink RS used to determine a default spatial relationship, e.g., as described herein. In some embodiments, when (if) a default spatial relationship is changed, an applicable time for a new pathloss RS may be a specified number of time slots (e.g., 1, 2, 5, 10, and so forth) time slot after the UE measures “N” samples of the pathloss RS after corresponding control signaling for a spatial relationship update takes effect. In some embodiments, “N” may be configured by higher layer signaling, may be based on a UE capability, and/or may be predefined (e.g., via a standard). In some embodiments, when (if) a default spatial relation is changed, an effective time for a new pathloss RS may be the same as a new spatial relationship. In some embodiments, prior to an effective time of a new pathloss RS, the UE may use a higher layer filtered RSRP based on a prior pathloss RS for pathloss measurement. In some embodiments, prior to an effective time of a new pathloss RS, the UE may use an L1-RSRP based on the new pathloss RS for pathloss measurement.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS may be based, at least in part, on an SSB associated with a most recent RACH procedure in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, the same band group as the CC, and/or in the same cell group as the CC. In some embodiments, the band group may be reported by UE as a UE capability. In some embodiments, the CC list group may be configured via higher layer signaling, e.g., such as RRC signaling and/or a MAC CE.

In some embodiments, when (if) a pathloss reference signal is not (or has not been) configured, a spatial relationship is not (or has not been) configured, and no CORESET/TCI state for the CC is (or has been) configured, a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS may be based, at least in part, on a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of PUSCH, PUCCH, and/or SRS in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, the same band group as the CC, in the same cell group as the CC, and/or in the same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, the band group may be reported by UE as a UE capability. In some embodiments, the CC list group may be configured via higher layer signaling, e.g., such as RRC signaling and/or a MAC CE.

FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments. The flow diagram shown in FIG. 13 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows.

At 1302, a UE, such as UE 106, may determine whether spatial relationship information for a default transmission beam has been configured, e.g., via signaling with a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604. At 1304, when the spatial relationship information for the default transmission beam has been configured, the UE may determine the default transmission beam based on the indicated spatial relationship information.

At 1306, in response to determining that the spatial relationship information for the default transmission beam has not been configured, the UE may determine whether a pathloss RS has been configured. At 1312, in response to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured, the UE may determine the default transmission beam (e.g., for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS transmission in a CC) based on a CSI-RS and/or an SSB corresponding to the pathloss RS, e.g., as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, the default transmission beam may be determined based on a first, last, and/or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list configured by (or via) RRC signaling with the base station.

At 1308, in response to determining that a pathloss RS has not been configured, the UE may determine whether any CORESETs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC. At 1310, when a CORESET and/or TCI state has been configured in the CC, the UE may determine the default transmission beam based on a default PDSCH beam.

At 1314, in response to determining that no CORESETs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine the default transmission beam (e.g., for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS transmission in a CC) based on a default beam from another CC, a recent transmission from a PRACH procedure, a recent PUSCH transmission, a recent SRS transmission, and/or a recent PUCCH transmission. For example, in some embodiments, the default transmission beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a default PDSCH beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC. As another example, in some embodiments, the default transmission beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a scheduling PDCCH for an aperiodic PUCCH/SRS. As a further example, in some embodiments, the default transmission beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PRACH procedure in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, the same band group as the CC, in the same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. As yet another example, in some embodiments, the default transmission beam may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent transmission of PUSCH, PUCCH, and/or SRS in the CC or in any CC in the same band as the CC, same band group as the CC, the same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, a CC index may be configured via higher layer signaling between the UE and the base station, e.g., such as RRC signaling or a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE). In some embodiments, a CC index may be selected from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, and/or within a same cell group as the CC. In some embodiments, a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI states configured with lowest and/or highest identifier (ID) may be selected. In some embodiments, a band group may be reported by a UE capability, e.g., via RRC signaling and/or a MAC CE. In some embodiments, a CC index may be selected from CCs in a CC group configured by RRC signaling. In some embodiments, a CC with a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI states configured with a lowest and/or highest ID may be selected.

FIG. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a method for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments. The method shown in FIG. 14 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows.

At 1402, a UE, such as UE 106, may determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in a component carrier (CC). In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to the UE determining that spatial relationship information for a default transmission beam has not been configured by a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604, serving the UE.

At 1404, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the (configured) pathloss RS. In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC. In some embodiments, the default beam for transmissions may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a first, last, or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list. In some embodiments, the pathloss RS list may be configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.

In some embodiments, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured by the base station. In some embodiments, responsive to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, a CC index, a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and/or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.

In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PRACH procedure, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PRACH procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUSCH transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUSCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on an SRS transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent SRS transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUCCH transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUCCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a CC index, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on selection of a CC index from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, and/or within a same cell group as the CC.

In some embodiments, the UE may report the band group to the base station via a UE capability message. In some embodiments, selection of a CC index may include selection of a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI state configured with a lowest or highest identifier. In some embodiments, selection of a CC index may include selection of a CC index from CCs in a CC group configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.

In some embodiments, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured by the base station. In some embodiments, responsive to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a sounding reference signal (SRS) based, at least in part, on a downlink RS used to determine a default spatial relationship, a synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with a most recent random-access channel (RACH) procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, and/or a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of an SRS in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine a change in a default spatial relationship and switch to a new pathloss RS one time slot after measuring a specified number of samples of the new pathloss RS after corresponding control signaling for a spatial relationship update takes effect. In some embodiments, the specified number of samples is predefined via a standard, configured via higher layer signaling with the base station, and/or based on capabilities of the apparatus. In some embodiments, after determining the change in the default spatial relationship and prior to an effective time of the new pathloss RS, the UE may use a higher layer filtered reference signal received power (RSRP) based on a prior pathloss RS and/or a layer 1 (L1) RSRP based on the new pathloss RS for pathloss measurement.

FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of another example of a method for a wireless device to determine a default beam for dedicated PUCCH and/or SRS in a CC, according to some embodiments. The method shown in FIG. 15 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows.

At 1502, a UE, such as UE 106, may determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in a component carrier (CC). In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to the UE determining that spatial relationship information for a default transmission beam has not been configured by a base station, such as base station 102 and/or gNB 604, serving the UE.

At 1504, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured by the base station.

At 1506, responsive to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, a CC index, a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and/or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.

In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PRACH procedure, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PRACH procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUSCH transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUSCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on an SRS transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent SRS transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUCCH transmission, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUCCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, and/or in a same CC list group as the CC. In some embodiments, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a CC index, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on selection of a CC index from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, and/or within a same cell group as the CC.

In some embodiments, the UE may report the band group to the base station via a UE capability message. In some embodiments, selection of a CC index may include selection of a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI state configured with a lowest or highest identifier. In some embodiments, selection of a CC index may include selection of a CC index from CCs in a CC group configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the (configured) pathloss RS. In some embodiments, the determination may be responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC. In some embodiments, the default beam for transmissions may be determined based, at least in part, on a beam used for a first, last, or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list. In some embodiments, the pathloss RS list may be configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.

In some embodiments, responsive to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, the UE may determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured by the base station. In some embodiments, responsive to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the UE may determine a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a sounding reference signal (SRS) based, at least in part, on a downlink RS used to determine a default spatial relationship, a synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with a most recent random-access channel (RACH) procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC, and/or a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of an SRS in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, and/or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine a change in a default spatial relationship and switch to a new pathloss RS one time slot after measuring a specified number of samples of the new pathloss RS after corresponding control signaling for a spatial relationship update takes effect. In some embodiments, the specified number of samples is predefined via a standard, configured via higher layer signaling with the base station, and/or based on capabilities of the apparatus. In some embodiments, after determining the change in the default spatial relationship and prior to an effective time of the new pathloss RS, the UE may use a higher layer filtered reference signal received power (RSRP) based on a prior pathloss RS and/or a layer 1 (L1) RSRP based on the new pathloss RS for pathloss measurement.

It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be realized in any of various forms. For example, some embodiments may be realized as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable memory medium, or a computer system. Other embodiments may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Still other embodiments may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium may be configured so that it stores program instructions and/or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method, e.g., any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets.

In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE 106) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets). The device may be realized in any of various forms.

Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A user equipment device (UE), comprising: at least one antenna; at least one radio, wherein the at least one radio is configured to perform cellular communication using at least one radio access technology (RAT); one or more processors coupled to the at least one radio, wherein the one or more processors and the at least one radio are configured to perform voice and/or data communications; wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to: in response to determining that a base station serving the UE has not configured spatial relationship information for a default beam for transmissions in a component carrier (CC), determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in the CC; in response to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the pathloss RS; in response to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured; and in response to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure.
 2. The UE of claim 1, wherein, when no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the default beam for transmissions is further based, at least in part, on at least one of: a default transmission beam in another CC; a CC index; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission; or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.
 3. The UE of claim 2, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the default transmission beam in another CC, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC.
 4. The UE of claim 2, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PRACH procedure, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PRACH procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUSCH transmission, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUSCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on an SRS transmission, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent SRS transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; and wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUCCH transmission, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUCCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC.
 5. The UE of claim 4, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: report, to the base station, band group via a UE capability message.
 6. The UE of claim 2, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a CC index, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on selection of a CC index from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, or within a same cell group as the CC.
 7. The UE of claim 6, wherein selection of a CC index includes selection of a monitored CORESET and/or active TCI state configured with a lowest or highest identifier.
 8. The UE of claim 6, wherein selection of a CC index includes selection of a CC index from CCs in a CC group configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.
 9. The UE of claim 1, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the pathloss RS, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a first, last, or indicated pathloss RS in a pathloss RS list configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling with the base station.
 10. An apparatus, comprising: a memory; and a processing element in communication with the memory, wherein the processing element is configured to: in response to determining that a base station has not configured spatial relationship information for a default beam for transmissions in a component carrier (CC), determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in the CC; in response to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the pathloss RS; in response to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured; and in response to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the processing element is further configured to: determine a pathloss RS for power control for a dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a sounding reference signal (SRS) based, at least in part, on at least one of: a downlink RS used to determine a default spatial relationship; a synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with a most recent random-access channel (RACH) procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC; a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC; a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC; or a pathloss RS used for a most recent transmission of an SRS in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a CC in a same band group as the CC, or in a CC in a same cell group as the CC.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processing element is further configured to: determine a change in a default spatial relationship; and switch to a new pathloss RS one time slot after measuring a specified number of samples of the new pathloss RS after corresponding control signaling for a spatial relationship update takes effect.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the specified number of samples is predefined via a standard, configured via higher layer signaling with the base station, or based on capabilities of the apparatus.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein, after determining the change in the default spatial relationship and prior to an effective time of the new pathloss RS, the processing element is further configured to use a higher layer filtered reference signal received power (RSRP) based on a prior pathloss RS or a layer 1 (L1) RSRP based on the new pathloss RS for pathloss measurement.
 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, when no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the default beam for transmissions is further based, at least in part, on at least one of: a default transmission beam in another CC; a CC index; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission; or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.
 16. A non-transitory computer readable memory medium storing program instructions executable by processing circuitry to cause a user equipment device (UE) to: in response to determining that a base station serving the UE has not configured spatial relationship information for a default beam for transmissions in a component carrier (CC), determine whether a pathloss reference signal (RS) has been configured in the CC; and in response to determining that the pathloss RS has been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on the pathloss RS; in response to determining that the pathloss RS has not been configured in the CC, determine whether any control resource sets (CORESETs) and/or transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the CC have been configured; and in response to determining that no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a physical random-access channel (PRACH) procedure.
 17. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 16, wherein, when no CORESESTs and/or TCI states have been configured in the CC, the default beam for transmissions is further based, at least in part, on at least one of: a default transmission beam in another CC; a CC index; a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission; a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission; or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission.
 18. The non- transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 17, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default transmission beam in another CC, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a default physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) beam or a CORESET beam configured in another CC.
 19. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 17, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PRACH procedure, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PRACH procedure in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUSCH transmission, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUSCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on an SRS transmission, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent SRS transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC; and wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a PUCCH transmission, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a beam used for a most recent PUCCH transmission in the CC, in a CC in a same band as the CC, in a same band group as the CC, in a same cell group as the CC, or in a same CC list group as the CC.
 20. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 17, wherein, to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on a CC index, the program instructions are further executable to cause the UE to determine the default beam for transmissions based, at least in part, on selection of a CC index from CCs within a same band as the CC, within a same band group as the CC, or within a same cell group as the CC. 